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Critical Reviews™ in Oncogenesis

Published 4 issues per year

ISSN Print: 0893-9675

ISSN Online: 2162-6448

SJR: 0.395 SNIP: 0.322 CiteScore™:: 2.5 H-Index: 54

Indexed in

Pediatric Brain Tumors: Genomics and Epigenomics Pave the Way

Volume 20, Issue 3-4, 2015, pp. 271-299
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2015013565
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ABSTRACT

Primary malignant brain tumors remain a disproportionate cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. A number of studies exploring the cancer genome of brain tumors across ages using integrated genetics and epigenetics and next-generation sequencing technologies have recently emerged. This has led to considerable advances in the understanding of the basic biology and pathogenesis of brain tumors, including the most malignant and common variants in children: gliomas and medulloblastoma. Notably, studies of pediatric brain tumors have identified unexpected oncogenic pathways implicated in tumorigenesis. These range from a single pathway/molecule defect such as abnormalities of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, considered to be a hallmark of pilocytic astrocytomas, to alterations in the epigenome as a critical component altered in many subgroups of high-grade brain tumors. Importantly, the type, timing, and spatial clustering of these molecular alterations provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the respective brain tumor they target and critical markers for therapy that will help refine pathological grading. We summarize these novel findings in pediatric brain tumors, which also are put in the context of the evolving notion of molecular pathology, now a mandated tool for proper classification and therapy assignment in the clinical setting.

CITED BY
  1. Shao Lina, Miller Sue, Koschmann Carl, Camelo-Piragua Sandra, Clinical Application of Whole Genome Array Improves the Diagnosis of Pediatric Brain Tumors, International Journal of Surgical Pathology, 25, 8, 2017. Crossref

  2. Berlandi Johannes, Chaouch Amel, De Jay Nicolas, Tegeder Isabel, Thiel Katharina, Shirinian Margret, Kleinman Claudia L, Jeibmann Astrid, Lasko Paul, Jabado Nada, Hasselblatt Martin, Identification of genes functionally involved in the detrimental effects of mutant histone H3.3-K27M in Drosophila melanogaster, Neuro-Oncology, 21, 5, 2019. Crossref

  3. Jones David T.W., Bandopadhayay Pratiti, Jabado Nada, The Power of Human Cancer Genetics as Revealed by Low-Grade Gliomas, Annual Review of Genetics, 53, 1, 2019. Crossref

  4. Pathania Manav, De Jay Nicolas, Maestro Nicola, Harutyunyan Ashot S., Nitarska Justyna, Pahlavan Pirasteh, Henderson Stephen, Mikael Leonie G., Richard-Londt Angela, Zhang Ying, Costa Joana R., Hébert Steven, Khazaei Sima, Ibrahim Nisreen Samir, Herrero Javier, Riccio Antonella, Albrecht Steffen, Ketteler Robin, Brandner Sebastian, Kleinman Claudia L., Jabado Nada, Salomoni Paolo, H3.3K27M Cooperates with Trp53 Loss and PDGFRA Gain in Mouse Embryonic Neural Progenitor Cells to Induce Invasive High-Grade Gliomas, Cancer Cell, 32, 5, 2017. Crossref

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