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International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms

Published 12 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1521-9437

ISSN Online: 1940-4344

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.4 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00066 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.34 SJR: 0.274 SNIP: 0.41 CiteScore™:: 2.8 H-Index: 37

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Bioactive Substances in Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. (Yamabushitake), and Its Medicinal Utilization

Volume 1, Issue 2, 1999, pp. 105-119
DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v1.i2.10
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ABSTRACT

Since a cultivation technique applied on the fungus bed, using bags and bottles, was established recently in Japan, together with a cultivating technique on the material woods, the Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. has ranked among the cultivating mushrooms available annually on the market. We isolated, on the basis of the HeLa cell screening method the three types of acid substances−Y-A-2, hericenone A, and hericenone B−from the fruiting body of H. erinaceus. In addition, we observed that the acid substance, or Y-A-2, has not only HeLa cell growth-inhibiting activity, but also pollen-tube growth-inhibiting activity, as the same of hericerine growth-inhibiting substance for the germination of pollen-tube, under concentration of more than 100-125 mg/l of the substance. Hericenones C, D, E, F, G, and H were found to induce synthesis of nerve growth factor, which is associated with an ameliorative effect in Alzheimer's dementia, and this also formed the basis of a newly developed bioassay. Fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus were extracted in series with hot water (100°C), 1% ammonium oxalate (100°C), and 5% sodium hydroxide (30°C) to generate the polysaccharides FI, FII, FIII-1, and FIII-2. Each of these was then further fractionated and purified by ion-exchange chromatography, gel-filtration chromatography, and affinity chromatography, to give a final total of 15 polysaccharides. In an assay for antitumor activity, five of the polysaccharide fractions (FI0-a-β, FI0-a-α, FI0-b, FII-1, and FIII-2b) proved strongly positive, and also exhibited a prominent effect on longevity. In China, the drug "Wei Le Xin Chong Ji" is available as an excellent remedy for chronic disease. The polysaccharides (HEPS) in the fruiting body of H. erinaceus may have beneficial effects on stomach, esophageal, and skin cancer among others, owing to their influence on immune function. In addition, it has been found that H. erinaceus (its fruiting body, mycelium, and its products in the medium), widely used in recent years for research and development in Japan, contains some lower molecular weight pharmaceutical constituents, such as the novel phenols (hercenon A and B) and novel fatty acids (Y-A-2) mentioned previously that may have chemotherapeutic effects on cancer.
Other polysaccharides fractionated from H. erinaceus, such as xylan, glucoxylan, heteroxyloglucan, and their protein complexes have biological response modifier characteristics, and thus priority should be placed on then-possible benefit in immunotherapy.
Moreover, it may be anticipated that the phenol-analogous compounds (hercenons C, D, E, F, G, and H) inducing the synthesis of NGF might have an ameliorative effect in Alzheimer's dementia cases.
Because it has been shown that acid (Y-A-2) and neutral (hercerin) components isolated from the pileus of H. erinaceus have a growth-inhibiting activity and block pollen germination tubes at low concentrations, it is also probable that they may find applications as agricultural chemicals.

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