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Advanced Course in Heat and Mass Transfer in Metallurgical Systems
September, 1979 , Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia

Mathematical Models of the Blast Furnace Process

pages 3-27
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ABSTRACT

The blast furnace process is the initial stage in the steel plant. Its main task is to produce the required amounts of pig iron for the succeeding processes with the content of silicon, sulfur and other metalloids held within acceptable limits for input into the BOF and other steel refining processes downstream. At the same time, the economics of the operation of the blast furnace and effluent discharges must be kept as low as possible.
Operation of the blast furnace can be divided into four regions: the stack, bosh, combustion zone and hearth. Each of these regions has a different set of major reactions taking place and a different regime of heat and mass transfer operations which are important for the overall operation of the furnace and to the economic production of raw iron.
Because the major reactions which occur in the blast furnace appear to be between components in different phases: i.e., gas-solid reactions or liquid-solid reactions for the reduction of iron ore, and mass transfer between immiscible liquid phases for the determination of the sulphur, silicon, manganese and phosphorous content of the resulting molten iron, heat and mass transfer processes dominate in the furnace.
This paper will review the state of the art in blast furnace knowledge and present the latest accepted version of the mathematical models of the processes involved.

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