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International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Publicado 6 números por año

ISSN Imprimir: 2150-766X

ISSN En Línea: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

Indexed in

NEW HTPB/AP/Al PROPELLANT COMBUSTION PROCESS IN THE PRESENCE OF ALUMINUM NANO-PARTICLES

Volumen 7, Edición 2, 2008, pp. 99-122
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.v7.i2.20
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SINOPSIS

Using the same techniques, but improved, we now have found a sensible explanation for the paradoxical results presented during the 6-ISICP, from three propellants of decreasing Al sizes. In the micrometric domain (from 5 μm to 100 μm), visualizations show the Al droplet combustion zone coming progressively closer to the combustion surface, with combustion of a higher number of smaller particles. In the nanometric domain (from 10 nm to 1 μm), a new Al oxidation mechanism seems to appear, directly at the surface without visible flame. Detailed visualization shows the flake detachment swirling in the gas-flow, without reacting. There is no luminous effect, which would indicate the slightest igniting or burning. Particle collection, at less than 3 mm from the surface, shows that these flakes are constituted of very small particles, close to an alumina composition. A setup improvement allows us to collect almost 100% of the emitted particles. This allows us to develop a mass balance compared to the initial Al in the sample, in order to guarantee diagnostic accuracy. Now, it is possible to assure that the size decrease in the nanometric domain leads to a new Al particle oxidation process at the propellant's combustion surface without agglomeration. The unburnt fraction determination in the collected particles shows a more advanced Al combustion. Beyond the nano-Al higher reactivity, the consequences are complete changes of the thermal and chemical particle environment and of the oxidation process. The early oxidation of the metal nanometric fraction releases more condensed energy at the combustion surface level, modifying the performance of the propellant. That will lead to an evolution of the combustion model for nano-Al propellants.

REFERENCIAS
  1. Trubert, J.F., Lambert, D., and Orlandi, O., Size Effect of Aluminum Nano-Particles on HTPB/AP Propellant Combustion.

  2. Simonenko, V.N. and Zarko, V.E., Comparative Study of the Combustion Behavior of Composite Propellants Containing Ultra Fine Aluminum.

  3. Cohen, N.S., A Pocket Model for Aluminum Agglomeration in Composite Propellants.

  4. Widener, J.F. and Beckstead, M.W., Aluminum Combustion Modeling in Solid Propellant Combustion Products.

  5. Guirao, Ñ and Williams, F.A., A Model for Ammonium Perchlorate Deflagration between 20 and 100 atm.

  6. Guichard, D., Contribution à la caracterisation de la degradation du polybutadiene hydroxytelechelique et des polyurethanes.

  7. Meynet, N., Simulation numerique de la combustion d'un propergol solide.

  8. Sarou-Kanian, V., Etude experimentale de la combustion de gouttes d'aluminium en convection forcee: influence de l’atmosphère gazeuse.

  9. Sarou-Kanian, V., Rifflet, J.C., Millot, F., and Gökalp, I., Dissolution Kinetics of Carbon in Aluminum Droplets Combustion, Implication for Aluminized Solid Propellants.

CITADO POR
  1. Zhao Ying, Mei Zheng, Zhao Feng-Qi, Xu Si-Yu, Ju Xue-Hai, Atomic perspectives revealing the evolution behavior of aluminum nanoparticles in energetic materials, Applied Surface Science, 563, 2021. Crossref

  2. Wang Deqi, Xu Guozhen, Tan Tianyu, Liu Shishuo, Dong Wei, Li Fengsheng, Liu Jie, The Oxidation Process and Methods for Improving Reactivity of Al, Crystals, 12, 9, 2022. Crossref

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