Volumen 5,
Edición 4, 2014,
pp. 271-278
DOI: 10.1615/EthicsBiologyEngMed.2015013579
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O. Oral
Ege University School of Physical Education and Sport, Izmir, Turkey
F. Zampeli
First Department of Orthopaedics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
R. Varol
Ege University School of Physical Education and Sport, Izmir, Turkey
Y. Umit
Ege University School of Physical Education and Sport, Izmir, Turkey
R. Cabuk
Ege University School of Physical Education and Sport, Izmir, Turkey
George Nomikos
Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chios, Chios, Greece
Panayiotis D. Megaloikonomos
First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University
Hospital, Athens, Greece
Vasilios Igoumenou
First Department of Orthopaedics, Athens University Medical School, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece
Christos Vottis
First Department of Orthopaedics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
Andreas F. Mavrogenis
First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece
SINOPSIS
Professional careers in sports, the will to succeed, the build-up of sports-related achievements with rewards, and government policies cause sportsmen to implement unethical methods. Doping refers to the intake of substances to increase the performance of athletes with illegal methods. Doping has deleterious effects on the health of athletes and may even cause death. Among several doping methods, gene doping is theorized to be "the trend" in recent years. Because it is more effective and hard to detect, gene doping has become popular. Despite the restrictions of national and international athletic enterprises and the its serious side effects, doping prevails and damages the principle of equality and the ideal of sports.