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Annual Review of Heat Transfer
Vish Prasad (open in a new tab) Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, USA
Yogesh Jaluria (open in a new tab) Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers-New Brunswick, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
Zhuomin M. Zhang (open in a new tab) George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

ISSN Print: 1049-0787

ISSN Online: 2375-0294

SJR: 0.363 SNIP: 0.21 CiteScore™:: 1.8

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Clarivate CBCI (Books) Scopus Google Scholar CNKI Portico Copyright Clearance Center iThenticate Scientific Literature

MESOSCOPIC ENERGY SYSTEMS

pages 475-509
DOI: 10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.v14.270
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RÉSUMÉ

Recent advances in a variety of microfabrication and precision machining techniques and development of new materials are opening up a huge commercial and military market for miniature energy systems. Compact power sources, lightweight cooling/heating systems for individuals functioning in extreme conditions, and reliable cryocoolers for medical and space applications are three examples. When macroscopic power, cooling, or heating is needed, mesoscopic-scale design could actually lead to the most optimal system. Though transport processes are significantly enhanced at the mesoscopic scale, and reliability is improved through redundancy with a distributed system, there are very challenging problems in tribology and thermal management that must be overcome. This article points out the changes in design paradigm brought about by miniaturization. Design issues and scaling laws associated with common miniature components such as compressor, heat exchanger, motor and generator, and turbo expanders used in refrigeration, cryocooling, and power generation systems are described. System integration consideration must also be given at every component design level to ensure a final overall compact, lightweight, efficient, and reliable miniature energy system. After assessing the current development status of miniature energy systems and their components, a list of topics is given where additional fundamental research is still needed.

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