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Composites: Mechanics, Computations, Applications: An International Journal

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ISSN Print: 2152-2057

ISSN Online: 2152-2073

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PREDICTION OF PROCESS-INDUCED DEFORMATION IN THICK COMPOSITE LAMINATES USING A PATH-DEPENDENT CONSTITUTIVE MODEL

Volume 13, Issue 1, 2022, pp. 1-24
DOI: 10.1615/CompMechComputApplIntJ.2021040145
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ABSTRACT

In this study, the distortions of AS4/8552 composite laminates with plates more than 2 cm thick is predicted using a path-dependent constitutive law. Path-dependent constitutive equations were employed in a simplified viscoelastic model to reflect the deformation of composite profiles. The model predicted the complex residual stress development in the composite plates based on the development of the fiber and resin properties during the reaction process. The effects of thickness, thermal expansion, chemical shrinkage, and stress relaxation of the thick plates are taken into account by the model. The results obtained using the proposed model in ABAQUS with a subroutine are compared with other results which validated these two examples. In addition, a consolidated simulation of an AS4/8552 graphite/epoxy laminate is carried out and compared with experimental results available in the literature. Finally, the reliability and accuracy of the predicted results is verified with experiments using the thickness of the gradient (≥ 2 cm), and good agreement is achieved between the predicted results and the available experimental data.

Figures

  • Cure cycle and degree of cure as a function of temperature and time
  • The geometry of the thin tool loading under sticking interface conditions
  • Generalized Maxwell model
  • Schematic drawing of the laminate FEA element and geometry (geometry of the laminate:
a = 4 cm, b = 6 cm, and c = 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 cm)
  • Temperature curves for laminates with different thickness
  • Degree of cure at the laminate center point in the present study and from Ding et al. (a) ABAQUS FEA results for the degree of cure at the center point of a 2 cm (90 degrees) laminate; (b) degree of cure at the center point of a 4.0 cm (90 degrees and 0 degrees) laminate and the temperature curve for the cure cycle
  • Rate of cure at the center point of 2 cm and 4 cm laminates (a) rate of cure at the center point of the 2 cm laminate; (b) rate of cure at the center point of the 4 cm laminate
  • Degree of cure contours for five different laminate thicknesses at t = 74 min
  • Interlaminar normal stress (σ3) distribution at point (a/2,0,0) during the curing process
  • Residual transverse stress distribution across the dimensionless thickness (-1-1) in the 2 cm and 2.5 cm laminates
  • Residual transverse stress distribution across the dimensionless thickness (-1-1) in the 3 cm, 3.5 cm, and 4 cm laminates
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