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VISUALIZATION RESEARCH OF DROPLET FREEZING ON AN INCLINED TITANIUM SURFACE

Volume 54, Issue 7, 2023, pp. 63-84
DOI: 10.1615/HeatTransRes.2022045788
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Zhe Zhang
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
Na Sun
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
Sunil S. Mehendale
Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, 49931, USA
Shengnan Lv
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
Qiaoyan Wu
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
JinJin Tian
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
Jinyue Wang
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China

ABSTRACT

Freezing of droplets on inclined cold surfaces was investigated through their visualization. A DSA100 Droplet Surface Analyzer was employed to study the effects of surface tilt angle and temperature on the phase transition time of droplets of various sizes. The post-freezing contact diameter and contact angle between the droplets and the titanium surface were measured and analyzed. From these experimental studies and the related analysis it appears that the freezing time of droplets on cold surfaces at different tilt angles (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°) is the longest when the bottom plate is tilted at 45°. As the tilted surface temperature is reduced, the droplet shape as it froze hardly changes with increasing tilt angle, and at the same time the freezing time of the droplets at each inclination angle is further reduced with decreasing bottom plate temperature. The experiments show that the deformation of a freezing 20-μL droplet on an inclined cold surface is more pronounced than that of a 1-μL droplet. The phase transition time of a large-volume droplet also decreases as the cold plate inclination increases. Thermodynamic equations are also employed to explain the longest droplet phase transition time which occurs at an inclination of 45°.

KEY WORDS: titanium plate, inclination, droplet volume, contact diameter, contact angle, phase transition time
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