Library Subscription: Guest
Critical Reviews™ in Biomedical Engineering

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 0278-940X

ISSN Online: 1943-619X

SJR: 0.262 SNIP: 0.372 CiteScore™:: 2.2 H-Index: 56

Indexed in

Atypical Radicular Anatomy in Permanent Human Teeth: A Systematic Review

Volume 50, Issue 1, 2022, pp. 19-34
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2022043742
Get accessDownload

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to classify and quantify the anatomical variations of teeth in terms of form and number of root canals reported in human teeth employing the classification systems proposed previously. An electronic (PubMed) and manual search were performed to identify case reports noting any of the anatomical variations. Each alteration was studied independently. The electronic search was performed using the following keywords: anatomical aberration, root canal, permanent Dentition, case report, c-shaped canal, dens invaginatus, palato-radicular groove, palato-radicular groove, palato-gingival groove, radix entomolaris, dental fusion, dental gemination, taurodontism, dilaceration. The initial search revealed 1497 papers, of which 938 were excluded after analyzing the titles and abstracts. Therefore, 559 potential papers were considered. Of those, 140 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria. For the final revision, 419 papers were considered. We found that the mandibular first premolar had the highest prevalence of C-shaped canals. Dens invaginatus was more frequently found in the mandibular lateral incisor. Taurodontism was more prevalent in the maxillary first molar and in the mandibular first molar. Dilaceration was not clearly associated with a particular tooth. The classifications systems used in this review allowed for the better understanding and analysis of the many anatomical variations present in teeth. The variations in shape most found were dens invaginatus and radix entomolaris. The most frequently reported anatomical variation was in the number of canals.

Figures

  • Classifcation systems proposed by Ahmed and Dummer18
  • Study selection process
REFERENCES
  1. Marcovich I, Prado E, Diaz P, Ortiz Y, Martinez C, Moreno F. Analisis de la morfologia dental en escolares afrocolombianos de Villa Rica, Cauca, Colombia. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq. 2012;24:37-61.

  2. Mallineni SK, Panampally GK, Chen Y, Tian T. Mandibular talon cusps: A systematic review and data analysis. J Clin Exp Dent. 2014;6(4):408-13.

  3. Attam K, Tiwary R, Talwar S, Lamba AK. Palatogingival groove: Endodontic-periodontal management-case report. J Endod. 2010;36(10):1717-20.

  4. kuzekanani M, Walsh L, Haghani J, Kermani A. Radix entomolaris in the mandibular molar teeth of an Iranian population. Int J Dent. 2017;2017:9364963.

  5. Sekerci A. Prevalence of double fused/gemination primary teeth in Turkey - A study. Pak Oral Dental J. 2011;31(1):7-13.

  6. Bronoosh P, Haghnegahdar A, Dehbozorgi M. Prevalence of taurodontism in premolars and molars in the South of Iran. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2012;6(1):21-4.

  7. Silva BF, Costa LED, Beltrao RV, Rodrigues TL, Farias RL, Beltrao RTS. Prevalence assessment of root dilaceration in permanent incisors. Dent Press J Orthod. 2012;17(6):97-102.

  8. Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58(5):589-99.

  9. Cleghorn BM, Christie WH, Dong CC. The root and root canal morphology of the human mandibular second premolar: A literature review. J Endod. 2007;33(9):1031-7.

  10. Vertucci F, Seelig A, Gillis R. Root canal morphology of the human maxillary second premolar. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1974;38(3):456-64.

  11. Raghavendra SS, Hindlekar AN, Desai NN, Vyavahare NK, Napte BD. Endodontic management of maxillary first molar with seven root canals diagnosed using cone beam computed tomography scanning. Indian J Dent. 2014;5(3):152-6.

  12. Davis SR, Brayton SM, Goldman M. The morphology of the prepared root canal: A study utilizing injectable silicone. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1972;34(4):642-8.

  13. Martins JNR, Marques D, Silva EJNL, Carames J, Versiani MA. Prevalence studies on root canal anatomy using cone-beam computed tomographic imaging: A systematic review. J Endod. 2019;45(4):372-86.

  14. The root canal anatomy project [Internet]. Blogspot.com. [cited May 16, 2022]. Available from: http://rootcanalanatomy.blogspot.com/search/label/Mandibular%20First%20Molar.

  15. Gu YC. A micro-computed tomographic analysis of maxillary lateral incisors with radicular grooves. J Endod. 2011;37(6):789-92.

  16. Zhang Q, Chen H, Fan B, Fan W, Gutmann JL. Root and root canal morphology in maxillary second molar with fused root from a native Chinese population. J Endod. 2014;40(6):871-5.

  17. Ahmed HMA, Versiani MA, De-Deus G, Dummer PMH. A new system for classifying root and root canal morphology. Int Endod J. 2017;50(8):761-70.

  18. Ahmed H, Dummer P. A new system for classifying tooth, root and canal anomalies. Int Endod J. 2018;51:389-404.

  19. Borgues CC, Estrela C, Decurcio D, Pecora J, Sousa Neto M, Fedele R. Cone-beam and micro-computed tomography for the assessment of root canal morphology: A systematic review. Braz Oral Res. 2020;34:e056.

  20. Chegini Z, Didehdar M, Tabaeian SP, Khoshbayan A, Shariati A. A systematic review of case reports of hepatic actinomycosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2021;16(1):192.

  21. Wibisono O, Idrus I, Djawad K. Sifilis maligna: Revision sistematica de los casos publicados entre los anos 2014-2018. ACTAS Dermo-Sifiliograficas. 2021;112(8):725-34.

  22. Kim HS, Jung D, Lee H, Han YS, Oh S, Sim HY. C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molars in a Korean population: A CBCT analysis. Restor Dent Endod. 2018;43(4):e42.

  23. Fan B, Ye W, Xie E, Wu H, Gutmann JL. Three-dimensional morphological analysis of C-shaped canals in mandibular first premolars in a Chinese population. Int Endod J. 2012;45(11):1035-41.

  24. Martins JNR, Francisco H, Ordinola-Zapata R. Prevalence of C-shaped configurations in the mandibular first and second premolars: A cone-beam computed tomographic in vivo study. J Endod. 2017;43(6):890-5.

  25. da Costa Albaricci MF, de Toledo BEC, Zuza EP, Gomes DAS, Rosetti EP. Prevalence and features of palato-radicular grooves: An in-vitro study. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2008;10(1):2-5.

  26. Hans MK, Srinivas RS, Shetty SB. Management of lateral incisor with palatal radicular groove. Indian J Dent Res. 2010;21(2):306-8.

  27. Kuzekanani M, Walsh LJ, Haghani J, Kermani AZ. Radix entomolaris in the mandibular molar teeth of an iranian population. Int J Dent. 2017;2017:93-6.

  28. Hamasha AA, Al-Khateeb T. Prevalence of fused and geminated teeth in Jordanian adults. Quintessence Int. 2004;35(7):556-9.

  29. Patil S, Doni B, Kaswan S, Rahman F. Prevalence of taurodontism in the North Indian population. J Clin Exp Dent. 2013;5(4):e179-82.

  30. Hamasha AA, Al-Khateeb T, Darwazeh A. Prevalence of dilaceration in Jordanian adults. Int Endod J. 2002;35(11):910-2.

  31. Miloglu O, Cakici F, Caglayan F, Yilmaz AB, Demirkaya F. The prevalence of root dilacerations in a Turkish population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010;15(3):e441-4.

  32. Martins JNR, Marques D, Mata A, Carames J. Root and root canal morphology of the permanent dentition in a Caucasian population: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Int Endod J. 2017;50(11):1013-26.

  33. Saber SEDM, Ahmed MHM, Obeid M, Ahmed HMA. Root and canal morphology of maxillary premolar teeth in an Egyptian subpopulation using two classification systems: A cone beam computed tomography study. Int Endod J. 2019;52(3):267-78.

  34. Zhang R, Wang H, Tian YY, Yu X, Hu T, Dummer PM. Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal morphology of mandibular molars in Chinese individuals. Int Endod J. 2011;44(11):990-9.

  35. Rouhani A, Bagherpour A, Akbari M, Azizi M, Nejat A, Naghavi N. Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of maxillary first and second molars in Iranian population: A morphological study. Iran Endod J. 2014;9(3):190-4.

  36. Gulabivala K, Aung TH, Alavi A, Ng YL. Root and canal morphology of Burmese mandibular molars. Int Endod J. 2001;34(5):359-70.

  37. de Pablo OV, Estevez R, Peix Sanchez M, Heilborn C, Cohenca N. Root anatomy and canal configuration of the permanent mandibular first molar: A systematic review. J Endod. 2010;36(12):1919-31.

  38. Stropko JJ. Canal morphology of maxillary molars: Clinical observations of canal configurations. J Endod. 1999;25(6):446-50.

  39. Kim S-Y, Kim BS, Woo J, Kim Y. Morphology of mandibular first molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography in a Korean population: Variations in the number of roots and canals. J Endod. 2013;39(12):1516-21.

  40. Duan W, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Lin X, Yang X. Refined tooth and pulp segmentation using U-Net in CBCT image. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021;50(6):20200251.

  41. Gambarini G, Ropini P, Piasecki L, Costantini R, Carneiro E, Testarelli L. A preliminary assessment of a new dedicated endodontic software for use with CBCT images to evaluate the canal complexity of mandibular molars. Int Endod J. 2018;51(3):259-68.

  42. Miki Y, Muramatsu C, Hayashi T, Zhou X, Hara T, Katsumata A. Classification of teeth in cone-beam CT using deep convolutional neural network. Comput Biol Med. 2017;80:24-9.

  43. Dolega-Dolegowski D, Proniewska K, Dolega-Dolegowska M, Pregowska A, Hajto-Bryk J, Trojak M. Application of holography and augmented reality based technology to visualize the internal structure of the dental root - a proof of concept. Head Face Med. 2022;18(1):12.

Begell Digital Portal Begell Digital Library eBooks Journals References & Proceedings Research Collections Prices and Subscription Policies Begell House Contact Us Language English 中文 Русский Português German French Spain