Published 12 issues per year
ISSN Print: 1521-9437
ISSN Online: 1940-4344
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Lion's Mane, Hericium erinaceus and Tiger Milk, Lignosus rhinocerotis (Higher Basidiomycetes) Medicinal Mushrooms Stimulate Neurite Outgrowth in Dissociated Cells of Brain, Spinal Cord, and Retina: An In Vitro Study
ABSTRACT
Neurodegenerative disease is defined as a deterioration of the nervous system in the intellectual and cognitive capabilities. Statistics show that more than 80−90 million individuals age 65 and above in 2050 may be affected by neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Studies have shown that out of 2000 different types of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms, only a few countable mushrooms have been selected until now for neurohealth activity. Hericium erinaceus is one of the well-established medicinal mushrooms for neuronal health. It has been documented for its regenerative capability in peripheral nerve. Another mushroom used as traditional medicine is Lignosus rhinocerotis, which has been used for various illnesses. It has been documented for its neurite outgrowth potential in PC12 cells. Based on the regenerative capabilities of both the mushrooms, priority was given to select them for our study. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of H. erinaceus and L. rhinocerotis to stimulate neurite outgrowth in dissociated cells of brain, spinal cord, and retina from chick embryo when compared to brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neurite outgrowth activity was confirmed by the immu-nofluorescence method in all tissue samples. Treatment with different concentrations of extracts resulted in neuronal differentiation and neuronal elongation. H. erinaceus extract at 50 µg/mL triggered neurite outgrowth at 20.47%, 22.47%, and 21.70% in brain, spinal cord, and retinal cells. L. rhinocerotis sclerotium extract at 50 µg/mL induced maximum neurite outgrowth of 20.77% and 24.73% in brain and spinal cord, whereas 20.77% of neurite outgrowth was observed in retinal cells at 25 µg/mL, respectively.
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Diling Chen, Tianqiao Yong, Jian Yang, Chaoqun Zheng, Ou Shuai, Yizhen Xie, Docking Studies and Biological Evaluation of a Potential β-Secretase Inhibitor of 3-Hydroxyhericenone F from Hericium erinaceus, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8, 2017. Crossref
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Nallathamby Neeranjini, Phan Chia-Wei, Seow Syntyche Ling-Sing, Baskaran Asweni, Lakshmanan Hariprasath, Abd Malek Sri N., Sabaratnam Vikineswary, A Status Review of the Bioactive Activities of Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerotis (Cooke) Ryvarden, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8, 2018. Crossref
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Kushairi , Phan , Sabaratnam , David , Naidu , Lion’s Mane Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. Suppresses H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage and LPS-Induced Inflammation in HT22 Hippocampal Neurons and BV2 Microglia, Antioxidants, 8, 8, 2019. Crossref
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Badalyan Susanna M., Barkhudaryan Anush, Rapior Sylvie, Recent Progress in Research on the Pharmacological Potential of Mushrooms and Prospects for Their Clinical Application, in Medicinal Mushrooms, 2019. Crossref
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Remya V. R., Chandra Goutam, Mohanakumar K. P., Edible Mushrooms as Neuro-nutraceuticals: Basis of Therapeutics, in Medicinal Mushrooms, 2019. Crossref
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Yeo Yin, Tan Joash Ban Lee, Lim Lee Wei, Tan Kuan Onn, Heng Boon Chin, Lim Wei Ling, Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Lineages as In Vitro Models for Screening the Neuroprotective Properties of Lignosus rhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden, BioMed Research International, 2019, 2019. Crossref
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Hwang Juen-Haur, Chen Chin-Chu, Lee Li-Ya, Chiang Hung-Te, Wang Ming-Fu, Chan Yin-Ching, Hericium erinaceus enhances neurotrophic factors and prevents cochlear cell apoptosis in senescence accelerated mice, Journal of Functional Foods, 66, 2020. Crossref
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Yanshree , Yu Wing Shan, Fung Man Lung, Lee Chi Wai, Lim Lee Wei, Wong Kah Hui, The Monkey Head Mushroom and Memory Enhancement in Alzheimer’s Disease, Cells, 11, 15, 2022. Crossref
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Anuar Azliza Mad, Minami Akira, Matsushita Hiroshi, Ogino Kanako, Fujita Kosei, Nakao Hatsune, Kimura Shota, Sabaratnam Vikineswary, Umehara Kaoru, Kurebayashi Yuuki, Takahashi Tadanobu, Kanazawa Hiroaki, Wakatsuki Akihiko, Suzuki Takashi, Takeuchi Hideyuki, Ameliorating Effect of the Edible Mushroom <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> on Depressive-Like Behavior in Ovariectomized Rats, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 45, 10, 2022. Crossref
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Tan Yong Hui, Lim Crystale Siew Ying , Wong Kah-Hui, Sabaratnam Vikineswary , Cytoprotective Effects of the Tiger's Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerotis (Agaricomycetes) Sclerotia against Oxidative Stress in PC12 Cells , International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 24, 12, 2022. Crossref