Published 12 issues per year
ISSN Print: 1521-9437
ISSN Online: 1940-4344
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High Immunomodulatory and Preventive Effects Against Sarcoma 180 in Mice Fed with Ling Zhi or Reishi Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst. (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Mycelium
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the immunomodulatory and antitumor effects of a diet supplemented with Ganoderma lucidum (Ling Zhi or Reishi) medicinal mushroom mycelium obtained by solid-state fermentation. Over 14 weeks, animals from a test group were fed with 2 concentrations of G. lucidum mycelium, at 85% or 50%, labeled G85 and G50 diets, respectively. A control group received a regular diet. In the tenth week, half the animals from the test group and half the animals from the control group were inoculated with a suspension of Sarcoma 180 cells. Saline was injected in the remaining animals. In week 14, plasma levels of cytokines and the population of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD16+/ CD32+ cells were evaluated. When compared to the control group, G. lucidum-supplemented diets altered the immune systems of the mice significantly (p < 0.05) the G50 diet proving more effective than the G85 diet. Mice inoculated with saline and fed with the G50 diet presented an increase in CD19+ and CD16+/CD32+ cell populations, along with an elevation in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ concentrations. Conversely, tumor-bearing mice fed with the G50 diet (labeled the G50-S group) presented an increase in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells, but a decrease in CD19+ and CD16+/ CD32+ cell populations. TNF-α and IFN-γ concentrations were reduced in the G50-S group. The G50-S group presented a tumor weight 84% lower than that found in the control group. These results suggest that the immunomodulatory effect provoked by the consumption of G. lucidum mycelium possibly increased mice resistance against Sarcoma 180.
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