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Atomization and Sprays

年間 12 号発行

ISSN 印刷: 1044-5110

ISSN オンライン: 1936-2684

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.8 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00095 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.28 SJR: 0.341 SNIP: 0.536 CiteScore™:: 1.9 H-Index: 57

Indexed in

PRESSURE—SWIRL ATOMIZATION OFWATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS

巻 20, 発行 12, 2010, pp. 1077-1099
DOI: 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i12.50
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要約

The pressure−swirl atomization of surfactant stabilized and natural, unstable water-in-oil emulsion fuel injected into an ambient environment is investigated experimentally. Fuel flow conditions are typical of large-scale gas turbine applications. A specialized setup generates controlled emulsions stabilized by addition of surfactants. The emulsion generation process allows control over the discrete phase (water) droplet size distribution within the emulsions. The spray droplet sizes are measured using laser diffraction and the spray pattern is evaluated using imaging and mechanical patternation. A statistically designed experimental test matrix was executed and the results were subjected to the analysis of variance. We find that emulsification can reduce or increase the average droplet size in the spray depending upon the added amount of water fraction. The atomization process itself can change the size distribution of the discrete phase depending upon the initial sizes present and the injector pressure differential. The fractions of oil and water phases were observed to vary with radial spray angle for the stabilized cases considered. For the conditions studied, the stabilized emulsions performed very similarly to natural unstable emulsions as long as the unstable emulsion was produced shortly prior to atomization (i.e., <1 sec) with sufficient shear as to result in a fine discrete phase droplet size. Overall, the results provide insight into how the emulsion properties influence their atomization. Findings show that injection pressure and emulsion discrete water fraction affect the spray droplet size distribution most substantially, while the fine emulsion water droplet distributions play a less significant role. The composition of the emulsion spray appears to vary spatially and temporally when emulsions are coarse. Stabilized and naturally unstable emulsions demonstrate similar breakup behavior during atomization.

によって引用された
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