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Atomization and Sprays

年間 12 号発行

ISSN 印刷: 1044-5110

ISSN オンライン: 1936-2684

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Indexed in

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BREAKUP CHARACTERISTICS OF GELLED KEROSENE DROPLET IN MEDIUM-SPEED AIRSTREAM

巻 32, 発行 12, 2022, pp. 1-20
DOI: 10.1615/AtomizSpr.2022035847
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要約

This study presents the breakup characteristics of gelled kerosene droplets in medium-speed airstream using high-speed visualization and image processing. An experimental platform is established, and three kinds of kerosene gels with different concentrations of nano-silica gallant (1, 2, and 3 wt%) are prepared. The breakup process is tracked and photographed under the different Weber and Ohnesorge numbers (82 < We < 691, 0.00096 < Oh < 1.34). The breakup modes and behaviors, deformation characteristics, and temporal and spatial distribution are explored and analyzed in detail, and compared to liquid kerosene droplets. Droplet viscosity and corresponding Oh number are calculated applying a shear-rate control parameter. The results show two breakup behaviors called "shear-stripping mode" and "catastrophic mode," and for each mode the breakup process of the three kinds of gelled droplets is similar to liquid kerosene. Compared with 1%, 2% kerosene gel and liquid kerosene, 3% gelled kerosene has a higher transition We number due to its evidently increased viscosity. The maximum deformations of liquid kerosene and gelled kerosene droplets are largely between 2 and 3.5 which display a random variation with We number. The initial breakup time locates near the value of 1.59 for all the four droplets. The total-to-initial breakup time ratio of gelled kerosene decreases with Oh number increasing and then tends to be a constant which is very close to Newtonian fluid. The distribution area of the child droplets is enlarged with We number enhanced but is shrunken as gellant concentration is improved.

Figures

  • Schematic of the secondary atomization platform
  • Calibrated image and the process of droplet breakup. (a) Calibrated image, (b) droplet deformation,
and (c) droplet breakup
  • Viscosity of gelled kerosene at different shear rates and its fitting curve
  • Shear-stripping breakup mode of the droplet of four materials (a) liquid kerosene, d0 = 2.55 mm,
u
g = 35 m/s, (b) 1% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.3 mm, ug = 50 m/s, (c) 2% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.5 mm, ug
= 35 m/s, (d) 3% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.62 mm, ug = 28 m/s, and (e) 3% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.3 mm,
u
g = 43 m/s
  • Catastrophic breakup mode of the droplet of four materials (a) liquid kerosene, d0 = 2.23 mm, ug
= 60 m/s, (b) 1% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.7 mm, ug = 68 m/s, (c) 2% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.7 mm, ug =
59 m/s, and (d) 3% gelled kerosene, d0 = 2.3 mm, ug = 50 m/s
  • Shear-stripping rate in Shear-stripping mode
  • R-T instability wave of in catastrophic mode
  • Breakup mode distribution of four kinds of droplets
  • Maximum deformation of droplets
  • Initial and total dimensionless breakup time
  • The ratio of Ttot=Tini with Oh number
  • Image of distribution area
  • The lengths of distribution area in streamwise and crosswise direction with We number: (a) the
lengths of distribution area in streamwise direction and (b) the lengths of distribution area in crosswise
direction
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