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Critical Reviews™ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine

Publicou 4 edições por ano

ISSN Imprimir: 0896-2960

ISSN On-line: 2162-6553

SJR: 0.141 SNIP: 0.129 CiteScore™:: 0.6 H-Index: 18

Indexed in

Heterotopic Ossification: A Review of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Clinical Management

Volume 27, Edição 2-4, 2015, pp. 123-133
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.2016015696
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RESUMO

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of ectopic bone outside of skeletal tissue that is usually periarticular in nature. Often, but not always, it is associated with upper motor neuron lesions such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and stroke but has been observed after major surgeries such as total hip arthroplasty and complicated elbow fractures requiring surgical intervention. Complications that can arise from HO include neurovascular impingement, compromised range of motion (ROM) of a joint, predisposition to infection, complex regional pain syndrome, and predisposition to pressure ulcer formation. Functional implications of decreased ROM of joints in rehabilitation can result in impairment of the following transfers: mobility, gait, activities of daily living, and hygienic maintenance. The primary goal of treatment focuses on halting progression, reducing caregiver burden, and maximizing joint function. Nonsurgical treatment is indicated when the disease process is diagnosed early and the affected joint is not significantly compromised. Surgical indications for HO include reduction in ROM that compromises functionality and hygienic maintenance.

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