Доступ предоставлен для: Guest
International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Выходит 6 номеров в год

ISSN Печать: 2150-766X

ISSN Онлайн: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

Indexed in

ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY COMPOSITE PROPELLANTS BASED ON AMMONIUM DINITRAMIDE

Том 18, Выпуск 1, 2019, pp. 31-49
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.2019027826
Get accessGet access

Краткое описание

This paper gives an overview of new composite propellants with environment-friendly ingredients investigated at Fraunhofer ICT which is believed to lead to a new generation of high performance halogen-free (ammonium perchlorate free) propellants. In particular, two formulations, which can be prepared from commercially available substances, were characterized, tested and compared to the actual state-of-the-art AP/HTPB/Al in a small-scale motor campaign. The HISP project mainly focused in obtaining maximum performance, and this led to an ADN/GAP/Al propellant. It revealed stable combustion and high performance but high burning rates in the order of 24 mm/s at 7 MPa, improvable mechanical properties and some concerns about the shock sensitivity. The aim of GRAIL was to overcome these drawbacks introducing the low burning ammonium nitrate as a second oxidizer accepting some specific impulse losses. The output was an ADN/HEM/PSAN/GAP/Al propellant. The burning rate was reduced to around 9 mm/s at 7 MPa and the shock sensitivity test was passed. The mechanical properties were still poor but can be improved by coated oxidizer particles. The use of a dual-oxidizer let the pressure dependence of the Vieille's law rose till 0.6, which is borderline for a stable function of a rocket motor. Unfortunately, no ballistic modifier exist for ADN propellant up to the present day, but alane as a high-energy metallic fuel is able to adapt ballistic properties and could be a potential propellant ingredient if commercially available.

ЛИТЕРАТУРА
  1. Bohn,M.A., (2009) , Prediction of Equivalent Time-Temperature Loads for Accelerated Ageing to Simulate Present in-Storage Ageing and Time-Temperature Profile Loads, in Proc. 40th Int. Annual Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 23–26, pp. 78-1–78-28.

  2. Cerri, S., Bohn,M.A.,Menke, K., and Galfetti, L., (2009) , Ageing Behavior of the HTPB Rocket Propellant Formulations, in Proc. 12th Seminar on New Trends in Research of Energetic Materials, Pardubice, Czech Republic.

  3. De Flon, J., Andreasson, S., Liljedhal, M., Oscarson, C., Wanhatalo, M., and Wingborg, N., (2011) , Solid Propellants based on ADN and HTPB, in 47th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conf. Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2011-6136 [R], p. 6136.

  4. DeLuca, L.T., Shimada, T., Sinditskii, V.P., and Calabro, M., Eds., (2017) , Chemical Rocket Propulsion–A Comprehensive Survey of Energetic Materials, in Springer Aerospace Technology, Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

  5. DeLuca, L.T., Bohn, M.A., Gettwert, V., Weiser, V., and Tagliabue, C., (2018) , Innovative Solid Rocket Propellant Formulations for Space Propulsion, in Energetic Materials Research, Applications, and New Technologies, R.F.B. Goncalves, J.A.F.F. Rocco, and K. Iha, Eds., Hershey, PA: IGI Global, pp. 1–24.

  6. Gettwert, V., Tagliabue, C., and Weiser, V., (2017a) , Burning Behaviour of Aluminized ADN/PSAN Propellants, in 7th European Conf. for Aeronautics and Space Science (EUCASS), July 3–6, Milan, Italy.

  7. Gettwert, V., Schaller, U., Tagliabue, C., Weiser, V., (2017b) , AP-Free Composite Propellants for Space Applications, XIII InternationalWorkshop HEMs-2017, November 6, 2017, Sendai, Japan.

  8. Gettwert, V., Tagliabue, C., Weiser, W., and Imiolek A., (2018) , Environment-Friendly Composite Propellant–Results from the HISP and GRAIL Project, Space Propulsion Conf. 2018, May 14–18, Seville, Spain, paper 99.

  9. Hafner, S., Keicher, T., and Klap¨otke, T.M., (2017) , Synthesis of P(GAP-CO-EPH) – An Energetic Copolyether Suitable for Cast-Cure Application, in Proc. 48th Int. Annual Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany.

  10. Hafner, S., Keicher, T., and Klap¨otke, T.M., (2018) , Internal Plasticized Ga-Polyether for Solid Propellant Binders, in Proc. 49th Int. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany.

  11. Larsson, A. and Wingborg, N., (2011) , Green Propellants based on Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN), in Advances in Spacecraft Technologies, J. Hall, Ed., London: IntechOpen Limited, http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-spacecraft-technologies/green-propellants-based-onammonium-dinitramide-ADN.

  12. Mayer, A.E.H.J. and Wieling, W.P.W., (2018) , Alternative Green Propellant Developments at TNO, Space Propulsion Conf. 2018, May 14–18, Seville, Spain, paper 317.

  13. Pavlov, A.N., Grebennikov, V.N., Nazina, L.D., Nazia, G.M., and Manelis, G.B., (1999) , Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Dinitramide and Mechanism of Anomalous Decay of Dinitramide Salts, Russ. Chem. Bull., 48, pp. 50–54.

  14. Rahm,M., (2010), Green Propellants, PhD Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.

  15. Russel, T.P., Piermarini, G.J., Block, S., and Miller, P.J., (1996) , Pressure, Temperature Reaction Phase Diagram for Ammonium Dinitramide, J. Phys. Chem., 100, pp. 3248–3251.

  16. S´ecordel, X., Daigurande, D., Beauchet, R., Batonneau, Y., Kappenstein, C., and Wingborg, N., (2017), Calculated and Experimental Binary Phase Diagrams for ADN and AN based Solid Propellants–H2020 GRAIL Project, in 7th European Conf. for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Milan, Italy.

  17. Stacer, R.G. and Husband, D.M., (1991) , Molecular Structure of the Ideal Solid Propellant Binder, Propel. Explos. Pyrotech., 16, pp. 167–176.

  18. Tagliabue, C., Weiser, V., Imiolek, A., Bohn, M.A., Heintz, T., and Gettwert, V., (2016) , Burning Behavior of AN/ADN Propellants, in Proc. 47th Int. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 28–July 1.

  19. Tagliabue, C., Imiolek, A., Gettwert, V., and Weiser, V., (2017) , Evaluation of Ballistic Modifier for Aluminized ADN/PSAN Propellants, in Proc. 48th Int. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 27–30, pp. 107-1–11.

  20. Wingborg, N., Skarstind, M., Sjoblom, M., Lindborg, A., Brantlind, M., Johansson, J., Ek, S., Liljedahl, M., and Kjellberg, J., (2017) , GRAIL: Green Solid Propellants for Launchers, in 7th European Conf. for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Milan, Italy.

ЦИТИРОВАНО В
  1. Dejeaifve Alain, Sarbach Alexandre, Roduit Bertrand, Folly Patrick, Dobson Rowan, Making Progress Towards »Green« Propellants – Part II, Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 45, 8, 2020. Crossref

  2. Gromov Alexander A., Popenko Elena M., Sergienko Alexey V., Slyusarsky Konstantin V., Nalivaiko Anton Yu., Ozherelkov Dmitriy Yu., Larionov Kirill B., Dzidziguri Ella L., Characterization of Aluminum Powders: IV. Effect of Nanometals on the Combustion of Aluminized Ammonium Nitrate‐Based Solid Propellants, Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 46, 3, 2021. Crossref

Портал Begell Электронная Бибилиотека e-Книги Журналы Справочники и Сборники статей Коллекции Цены и условия подписки Begell House Контакты Language English 中文 Русский Português German French Spain