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International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

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ISSN Печать: 2150-766X

ISSN Онлайн: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

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Prediction of Airbag Inflator Performance

Том 5, Выпуск 1-6, 2002, pp. 941-948
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.v5.i1-6.960
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Краткое описание

Airbag operating involves a great number of highly dependent components where the pyrotechnical charge used in an inflator as a gas generator is only one of the components. Moreover, specifications of these systems are more and more drastic in terms of performance, toxicity, lifetime, etc. Research and development of new gas generator compositions need to take into account all these aspects very early in the studies.
This paper describes the methodology performed by SNPE Propulsion for this purpose. This methodology is based on:

  • thermodynamic prediction of theoretical performance,
  • global modeling by means of a lumped parameter model,
  • experimental demonstrator test,
  • complete CFD simulation,
  • prototype test.
For all of these steps, except the last one, which is not under direct SNPE responsibility in the frame of an airbag industrial organization involving SNPE, examples of applications are given.
Thermodynamic prediction is a classical technical area. This point is only illustrated and identified limitations are given.
The lumped parameter model is described in regard to all of its possibilities: combustion of propellent grain or in bulk, multi-species with chemical interactions (overall reactions, chemical equilibrium or full chemical kinetics), real gas effects, thermal losses, hole erosion, and so on. This model is used for different purposes: prediction by direct simulation, experimental interpretation, determination of parameters impossible to measure, sensibility studies.
The experimental devices used to validate new composition performances are illustrated. Typical demonstrator tests in a constant volume tank allow specific phenomena identification and their introduction in the lumped parameter model.
Special analyses are done on possible interactions between pyrotechnical composition combustion and other components of the system: igniter composition, filter in combustion chamber, expansion of high-pressurized gas in hybrid generator, etc.
For a better understanding of the system operations, full CFD simulations can be performed with a model ordinarily used for rocket motor studies.

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