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International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms
Главный редактор: Solomon P. Wasser (open in a new tab)

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ISSN Печать: 1521-9437

ISSN Онлайн: 1940-4344

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.4 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00066 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.34 SJR: 0.274 SNIP: 0.41 CiteScore™:: 2.8 H-Index: 37

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Molecular Systematics of Ganoderma: What Is Reishi?

Том 7, Выпуск 3, 2005, pp. 353-354
DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v7.i3.160
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Краткое описание

Ganoderma is a very distinctive genus of white-rot polypore fungi that is primarily characterized by the formation of a double-walled, generally echinulate basidiospore. Most Ganoderma species are very variable macromorphologically and lack micromorphological distinctiveness. As a consequence, earlier taxonomic studies in the genus have created many synonymous names and have resulted in largely ambiguous species delimitation and identification systems, making species identification in the genus virtually impossible. Ganoderma strains used in oriental folk medicine refer to Reishi and have traditionally been labeled Ganoderma lucidum (W.Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst. in the scientific literature. However, there is now accumulative evidence that most species reported as G. lucidum in most of the pharmacological and phytopathological studies were wrongly identified.
G. lucidum was first described as Boletus lucidus by William Curtis in 1781 from a filbert plant (= Corylus avellana) in London, UK. Curtis's original collection (i.e., the type specimen) has been lost. The actual type is represented in a color plate, which is in agreement with the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. However, the typified plate is of no use for providing cultural characteristics and genetic information that would be useful for distinguishing G. lucidum from the other British laccate Ganoderma.
Over the years, at least 166 laccate Ganoderma species have been described worldwide, of which at least 48 names were, at some point, considered to be synonyms of others. There is nevertheless a strong consensus about the true identity of G. lucidum among contemporary European mycologists. Molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that Ganoderma is a young genus in agreement with earlier morphological evidence as pointed out by the Norwegian mycologist Leif Ryvarden. DNA studies have shown that the G. lucidum species complex is composed of several species that can be difficult to distinguish from one another. These species include the European G. valesiacum Boud.; G. ahamdii Stey., described from Pakistan; North American G. tsugae Murrill and G. oregonense Murrill; and other taxa variously labeled G. resinaceum Boud., G. oerstedii Fr., and G. praelongum Murrill.
Recent genetic and biogeographic studies have indicated that most Ganoderma species are geographically restricted. G. lucidum is probably restricted to western parts of Europe, although its distribution range can possibly also include parts of Siberia and of north western regions of China. Based on molecular phylogenetic evidence, it appears that most collections labeled G. lucidum in North America do in fact best correspond to the taxon labeled G. resinaceum in Europe, whereas G. tsugae in North America is genetically very close to the “true” G. lucidum from Europe.
This leads to the question of what is the Oriental Reishi? A nonexhaustive molecular survey of taxa labeled G. lucidum in Asia, including strains commercially cultivated for the production of health tablets or teas, shows that this name has been largely misapplied and encompasses many distinct species.
Incorrect taxonomic identification of Ganoderma strains hampers comprehensive strategies for drug discovery as well as for monitoring and managing diseases caused by Ganoderma in woody crops and forest ecosystems. Both molecular phylogenies and morphological evidence indicate that Africa probably harbors the highest genetic and taxonomic diversity in the genus.

ЦИТИРОВАНО В
  1. Pawlik Anna, Janusz Grzegorz, Dębska Iwona, Siwulski Marek, Frąc Magdalena, Rogalski Jerzy, Genetic and Metabolic Intraspecific Biodiversity ofGanoderma lucidum, BioMed Research International, 2015, 2015. Crossref

  2. TSIVILEVA Olga, NGUYEN Thao, VU Long, YURASOV Nikolay, CHERNYSHOVA Marina, PETROV Alexander, GALUSHKA Viktor, MARKIN Alexei, KOFTIN Oleg, Vietnamese Ganoderma: growth, peculiarities, and low-molecular composition compared to European and Siberian strains, TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 40, 2016. Crossref

  3. Viceconte Fátima R., Diaz Marina L., Soresi Daniela S., Lencinas Ileana B., Carrera Alicia, Prat María Inés, Gurovic María Soledad Vela, Ganoderma sessile is a fast polysaccharide producer among Ganoderma species, Mycologia, 113, 3, 2021. Crossref

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